Decoding the Name Taiji quan, often translated into English as “Supreme ultimate fist”, is a somewhat obscure term comprising two expressions. "Quan" straightforwardly means “fist”, hinting at Tai Chi’s origins in bare-fisted boxing, despite the inclusion of weapons techniques today. "Taiji", however, carries a profound complexity, literally meaning "the ultimate pinnacle" and representing the active principle of the Dao. Taiji and the Dao If we consider the Dao as the entirety of the natural universe, then Taiji can be understood as the fundamental laws and principles governing the Dao's actions. While the Dao encompasses the universe, it remains undifferentiated. Taiji represents the initial transformation, leading to a series of differentiations that progressively give rise to all observable phenomena, including ourselves. Yin and Yang: The Dance of Change This first differentiation manifests as the two models, Yin and Yang. They are in constant transformation, embodying the Taoist philosophy that everything is in flux, changing from itself into its opposite and back again. Taiji quan can thus be viewed as “boxing based on the ultimate principles of the natural world,” where the fluid movements mirror the constant interplay of Yin and Yang. Internal Strength: The Power of Water Unlike external martial arts, Tai Chi emphasizes cultivating internal strength. It draws inspiration from the Taoist image of water: seemingly weak, yet capable of eroding mountains over time, always seeking its natural course. Body and Spirit: A Unified Whole A key distinction between Taoism and Western philosophy, particularly Christian thought, lies in the perception of the body and spirit. In the latter, the physical body is often seen as an obstacle to spiritual growth. In contrast, Taoism sees no separation between the two. The sage's path to immortality involves refining and strengthening the body's Qi, with immortality being the ultimate point on a continuum of well-being. Qi: The Vital Force Central to Tai Chi, Qigong, and Chinese philosophy is the concept of “Qi”, encompassing both physical and spiritual energy. Again, the interconnectedness of body and spirit is evident: spiritual understanding is intertwined with physical development. Qigong and Tai Chi: Cultivating Qi Qigong, literally “the practice of Qi”, complements Tai Chi by focusing on improving the body’s energy and health through breathing, stretching, and meditation. Thus, the practice of Tai Chi is intrinsically linked to Qigong, both working in tandem to cultivate and harmonize Qi.